Tag: Hierarchical Phase-Contrast Tomography

New 3D map of the electrical wiring of the heart to help patients with congenital heart disease

New 3D map of the electrical wiring of the heart to help patients with congenital heart disease

Researchers from UCL (University College London) and the ESRF (The European Synchrotron) have produced the first three-dimensional map of the heart’s electrical wiring in Tetralogy of Fallot, one of the most common congenital heart problems, revealing anatomical features that may explain why many patients develop heart conduction disorders in this condition. The research, part of the Human Organ Atlas international collaboration, can be used for surgical training and lead to even better outcomes for patients. The research is out in The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.

Congenital heart disease affects around 1% of the population worldwide. In many cases, babies must undergo life-saving heart surgery shortly after birth. Although survival rates are now high, many patients develop complications later in life, particularly abnormal heart rhythms or contraction patterns. Surgeons have long known that these problems can arise when the heart’s delicate electrical conduction system, which is invisible during surgery, is disturbed.

Andrew Cook, professor of Cardiac anatomy at UCL and senior author of the study, explains: “I often compare it to renovating a house: you wouldn’t want to start drilling into a wall without knowing where the electrical wires are. The same principle applies to the heart”. Instead, surgeons use ‘anatomical landmarks’ and these have now been revised in the study.

This research is part of the Human Organ Atlas international collaboration. The Atlas is powered by an advanced imaging method called Hierarchical Phase-Contrast Tomography (HiP-CT), developed at the European Synchrotron (ESRF) in Grenoble, France, by an international team led by University College London (UCL), UK to visualise anatomy in unprecedented detail.

Read more on the ESRF website

Image: Rendering of a heart with Tetralogy of Fallot showing the septal defect.

Credit: Joseph Brunet, Cinematic Anatomy (Siemens Healthineers)

A unique atlas of the human heart: from cells to the full organ

A unique atlas of the human heart: from cells to the full organ

Scientists led by the University College London (UCL) and the European Synchrotron (ESRF), have, for the first time, imaged two whole human adult hearts, one healthy and one diseased, down to the cellular level in 3D, using an innovative X-ray technique called Hierarchical Phase-Contrast Tomography (HiP-CT). This new atlas of the heart can potentially lead to medical applications. The results are published in Radiology.

To study the human heart, researchers typically use clinical imaging techniques such as Ultrasound, Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). While these methods are effective for diagnosing cardiovascular disease, they do not provide detailed structural changes across the different scales within the heart. For higher resolution, histology is required, which involves slicing donor organs into sections. Although this method offers more detailed information, it significantly limits the field of view.

Now a new synchrotron X-ray imaging technique, called HiP-CT, overcomes these limitations by providing a comprehensive and detailed 3D view of the entire adult human heart. “HiP-CT provides a global view of whole donor organs at unprecedented resolution, bridging the gap between traditional imaging and histology,” says Professor Peter Lee of UCL, HiP-CT project lead.

A team led by UCL and the ESRF, in collaboration with the Wellcome Sanger Institute, Siemens Healthineers, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Hannover Medical School, the Aachen Medical University, the Helios University Clinic Wuppertal, the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, and the Laboratoire d’Anatomie des Alpes Francaises (LADAF) has imaged two entire adult hearts, one healthy and one diseased, using the HiP-CT imaging technique on beamline BM18 at the ESRF. “BM18 is currently the only place in the world where complete human organs can be imaged with such a high level of contrast, and we are still quite far from the limits of the beamline capabilities. The main limiting factor is the processing of the very large data produced by HiP-CT”, explains Paul Tafforeau, ESRF scientist.

Read more on ESRF website

Image: Multidimensional Analysis of the Human Heart in Health and Disease using Hierarchical Phase-Contrast Tomography (HiP-CT).

Credit: Brunet et al. Radiology.