Life sciences – Lightsources.org

Bringing cryo-correlative hard X-ray microscopy to life science

2026/02/272026/03/11

Scientists led by the ESRF, UGA and INSERM have developed cryo-correlative nano-imaging, a new technique that combines lab cryo-fluorescence microscopy, cryo X-ray fluorescence nanoimaging and phase-contrast nano-tomography on ID16A. The results are published in ACS Nano.

Biologists have long wanted to answer a deceptively simple question: what are the structures we see inside cells actually made of? Visible light fluorescence microscopy shows where organelles are, but not their chemical composition. Hard X-rays can map the chemistry but do not necessarily see the organelles. Cryo-correlative nanoprobe work remains rare, particularly for 3D elemental imaging of whole frozen cells.

A new study at ID16A beamline of the ESRF offers a practical solution. An international team has developed an integrated cryogenic workflow that links laboratory cryo-fluorescence microscopy to targeted cryo X-ray fluorescence (XRF) nano-imaging and phase-contrast nano-tomography.

With this new method, they have tracked therapeutic nanoparticles from the European ScanNtreat project as they moved through cancer cells, showing both where the particles went and what happened to them.

The first author of the publication, Dmitry Karpov, former ESRF scientist and now researcher at the Université Grenoble Alpes, explains how this new development can lead to applications: “This is an example of what the ESRF aims to do: to turn cutting-edge instrumentation into discoveries with direct impact on people’s lives, in this case for medicine and life sciences”.

Read more on the ESRF website

Influence of protons on water molecules

2022/11/102022/12/07

How hydrogen ions or protons interact with their aqueous environment has great practical relevance, whether in fuel cell technology or in the life sciences. Now, a large international consortium at the X-ray source BESSY II has investigated this question experimentally in detail and discovered new phenomena. For example, the presence of a proton changes the electronic structure of the three innermost water molecules, but also has an effect via a long-range field on a hydrate shell of five other water molecules.

Excess protons in water are complex quantum objects with strong interactions with the dynamic hydrogen bond network of the liquid. These interactions are surprisingly difficult to study. Yet so-called proton hydration plays a central role in energy transport in hydrogen fuel cells and in signal transduction in transmembrane proteins. While the geometries and stoichiometries have been extensively studied both in experiments and in theory, the electronic structure of these specific hydrated proton complexes remains a mystery.

A large collaboration of groups from the Max Born Institute, the University of Hamburg, Stockholm University, Ben Gurion University and Uppsala University has now gained new insights into the electronic structure of hydrated proton complexes in solution.

Using the novel flatjet technology, they performed X-ray spectroscopic measurements at BESSY II and combined them with infrared spectral analysis and calculations. This allowed them to distinguish between two main effects: Local orbital interactions determine the covalent bond between the proton and neighbouring water molecules, while orbital energy shifts measure the strength of the proton’s extended electric field.

Read more on the HZB website

Image: The spectral fingerprints of water molecules could be studied at BESSY II. The result: the electronic structure of the three innermost water molecules in an H₇O₃⁺ complex is drastically changed by the proton. In addition, the first hydrate shell of five other water molecules around this inner complex also changes, which the proton perceives via its long-range electric field.

ESRF appoints two new Directors of Research

2022/01/022022/01/04

Gema Martínez-Criado and Annalisa Pastore have been appointed new ESRF directors of research. Martínez-Criado will cover Condensed Matter and Physical and Material Sciences and Pastore Life Sciences, Chemistry and Soft Matter Science.

In its statement, the ESRF Council « unanimously approved the appointments, for a five-year period starting on 01 January 2022, of Dr Gema Martínez Criado, from the Spanish Research Council’s Materials Science Institute of Madrid, as Director of Research for Condensed Matter and Physical and Material Sciences, and of Professor Annalisa Pastore, from King’s College London University, as Director of Research for Life Sciences, Chemistry and Soft Matter Science. » The ESRF Council also « acknowledged the fact that both of these positions were being filled by female candidates of high calibre and expressed the full trust of the Council to continue to lead, in the coming year, the efforts required to fully capitalise on the world leading performances of the EBS storage ring and suite of beamlines.”